Acta Translational Medicine (ATM) is an international peer-reviewed, open access journal.
APPLICATION AND RESEARCH PROGRESS OF INTRAOPERATIVE ELEC-TRICAL IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY IN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY
Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique performed through small incisions in the abdomen and widely used across various surgical fields. Despite challenges such as de-creased oxygen saturation, significant bleeding, and acid-base imbalance during surgery, effective perioperative management is crucial. In recent years, lung protective ventilation strategies have shown potential advantages in preventing perioperative pulmonary com-plications. Electrical impedance tomography, a non-invasive monitoring technology, has found wide application in anesthesia perioperative and critical care management, particu-larly in real-time diagnosis of pulmonary complications and lung ventilation monitoring. This review aims to summarize the diverse applications of EIT during the perioperative period of laparoscopic surgery, providing insights to broaden clinical understanding of its advantages and disadvantages, thereby promoting its wider adoption.
Copyright (c) 2024 TieCheng Xu; He Tian; ZhiWei Li; Qian Xie; Yang Wu; Hao Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MULTIMODAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY FOR PREDICTING THE RISK OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN SEPSIS
The occurrence of acute kidney injury in sepsis represents a common complication in hospitalized and critically injured patients that is usually associated with negative prognosis, which presents additional consequences in terms of the risk of developing chronic kidney disease coupled with significantly higher mortality. To intervene prematurely in high-risk patients, improve poor prognosis and further enhance the success rate of resuscitation in severe cases, a diagnostic grading standard of acute kidney injury is employed as the basis in this paper. Firstly, an artificial intelligence multimodal ultrasound imaging technique is conceived by incorporating conventional ultrasound, ultrasonography and shear wave elastography examination approaches. Secondly, the acquired focal lesion images in the kidney lumen are mapped into a knowledge map and then injected into feature mining of a multicenter clinical dataset to accomplish risk prediction for the occurrence of acute kidney injury. Eventually, the clinical decision curve demonstrated that the application of the prediction model can provide net benefits to patients in the range of 0.017 to 0.89 for threshold probability fluctuations. Additionally, the values of model sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC are 67.9%, 82.48%, 76.86%, and 0.692, respectively, which confirms out that multimodal ultrasonography not only improves the diagnostic sensitivity of the model, but also dramatically raises the risk prediction ability, illustrating that the predictive model possesses promising validity and accuracy.
Copyright (c) 2022 Piotr Materzok https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
COMPARISON OF THE DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF 2D AND 3D MR IMAGES IN STAGING AND HISTOPATHOLOGY FINDINGS OF LOCALLY ADVANCED CERVICAL CANCER
Objective: To compare three-dimensional (3D) volume measurement versus two-dimensional (2D) measurement during MR assessment of pre-treatment locally advanced cervical cancer, and to investigate the association of measurement outcomes with the staging of the tumor and histopathological feature in locally advanced cervical cancer. Methods: 46 patients were found having locally advanced cervical cancer that was confirmed by pathology (39 squamous cell carcinoma,7 adenomatous carcinoma). All patients were scanned by conventional MR scan, DCE-MR, and DWI sequence. Measurement results were compared between normal tissues and cervical cancer tissues in 3D and 2D. The association of measurement outcomes of 3D and 2D with the pathological grade and clinical stage of cervical cancer was explored. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the results of 3D volume measurements and 2D diameter measurements (P>0.05). A significant correlation was found between the 3D volume measurement and cervical cancer stages (P<0.05). There was no correlation between 2D measurements and the clinical stage of cervical cancer (P>0.05). The outcomes between 3D volume measurement and 2D diameter measurement(The short cross-sectional diameter) among different histopathological grading of cervical cancer had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion:3D volume measurement is more effective compared with 2D diameter measurement in MR assessment of locally advanced cervical cancer. In locally advanced cervical cancer, 3D volume measuring correlates with pathological grading and clinical stage. It provides more accurate and comprehensive data on pre-treatment cervical cancer. Therefore, 3D volume measurement can be used in preoperative MR imaging to monitor response to therapy and improve radiomics features analysis in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.
Copyright (c) 2022 Guo-Jie Wang; Le-Wei Yang; Shi-Rui Yang; Bin Zhou; Run-Gen Zhan; Ya-Li Zhang; Yong-Jun Peng; Jie Zhang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CURRENT STATUS AND PROGRESS OF MRI RADIOMICS IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor in the human digestive tract. It has high recurrence, poor prognosis, and difficulty in early detection. Relative to this, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has good soft-tissue resolution and multi-parameter imaging advantages, significant for accurate liver cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Meanwhile, radiomics can extract high-dimensional and quantitative features to quantify tumor heterogeneity, exhibiting great potential in differential diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognosis evaluation of liver cancer. This article reviewed the research progress of the MRI omics of HCC.
Copyright (c) 2022 Zilin Liu; Yong Li https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANALYSIS ON THE CLINICAL DATA OF PULMONARY SPACE-OCCUPYING LESION AND EVALUATION OF THE DIAGNOSTIC EFFICACY OF LUNG CANCER
Objective: Based on the pathological result and inspection data of 44 cases of pulmonary space-occupying lesion, this paper discussed the practical value of CT-guided pathological biopsy and three tumor markers being named CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 in the detection of lung cancer. Methods: The results of Pathology, immunohistochemistry, CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 in 44 cases of confirmed pulmonary space-occupying lesions were collected. This paper calculated the positive rate from unique and united test of the three tumor markers on the lung cancer group and non-malignant group. Chi square test were used to make the comparison between different groups, and then plotting a ROC curve based on the analysis of specificity and sensitivity. Results: The results show 33 cases in lung cancer group, 11 cases in non-malignant group among the 44 pulmonary space-occupying lesion cases. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to check 16 cases. The positive rate of TTF-1and CK7 in adenocarcinoma group was 57.14% while P40 in squamous cell carcinoma was 60%. The positive rate of lung cancer group, including NSE, CYFRA21-1 and the co-detection of three index, were 48.48 %, 78.78% and 81.81%. Respectively, these rate in non-malignant group was 0%, 27.27%, 36.36%. Chi square test showed p<0.05, the differences were statistically significant. The AUC was 0.875 while the sensitivity was 81.8% of tumor markers united test, both higher than the unique test. However, the specificity is 63.3%, lower than the unique test. Besides, the positive rate of CYFRA21-1 among different pathological types of lung cancer showed significantly difference, for the result of chi square test was p < 0.05, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the CT-guided percutaneous lung biopsy was beneficial to detect and later treatment of lung cancer. The results of the tumor marker NSE and CYFRA21-1 unique test are ideal, better than the co-detection of three index. We suggested to give priority to the test of NSE and CYFRA21-1 in the follow-up diagnosis and treatment.
Copyright (c) 2021 Wen-qi Li; Min Su https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE COMPOSITIONAL AND MICROBIAL QUALITY OF COMMON AND NEWELY SPICY MISH PRODUCED BY COMMERCIAL DAIRY PLANT IN KHARTOUM, SUDAN
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the quality of two types of mish using different types of spices. Methods: The common mish flavored with fenugreek (0.7% w/w) and black cumin (0.5% w/w) while the newly spicy mish flavored with green fennel (0.5% w/w) and black pepper (0.15% w/w). The chemical and microbiological properties were examined for both types of mish. The tests were done on the first day of manufacturing and then weekly for 3 weeks for eight samples from four batches for both types of mish. All mish samples were subjected to chemical analysis (protein, fat, total solids and ash) and measure the acidity and enumeration of total bacteria, coliform, yeast and mold and psychrotrophic bacteria. Results: The chemical results showed that there were highly significant differences in the level of fat and acidity (P<0.001) between mish samples and also significant differences in total solids during the storage period (P<0.05). Microbiological results showed non-significant differences for all groups of microorganisms tested. Conclusions: Both types of mish did well in microbiological quality compared to the other fermented dairy products. However, the newly spicy mish showed slightly lower content of chemical composition compared to the common mish. This study recommended that more work on mish should be done for adding new spices with different ratios in order to maintain the quality of the products.
Copyright (c) 2021 Randa Ali Khalid Elawad; Ibtisam El Yas Mohamed El Zubeir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
HALLUCINATION, DELUSION, AFFECTIVE DISORDERS: A CLINICAL CASE ANALYSIS OF REPEATED MENTAL DISORDERS DUE BY MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common demyelination disease of the central nervous system. MS is often accompanied by various mental disorders, which seriously affect the quality of life of patients. In this paper, a case of multiple sclerosis with recurrent mental symptoms such as auditory hallucinations,depression and grandiose delusion was reviewed. He was diagnosed as a mental disorder caused by multiple sclerosis, and his mental symptoms were relieved after treatment with psychotropic drugs, but the symptoms of multiple sclerosis recurred. This case suggests that psychiatric symptoms may play a certain role in the occurrence and development of multiple sclerosis, which is a dimension of clinical symptoms worthy of special attention.
Copyright (c) 2021 Fei-yan Wang; Meng-jie Tang; Xin-lei Wang; Rong-rong Qiao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE ON PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS IN PATIENTS WITH CANCER-RELATED FATIGUE
To study the effect of acupuncture on peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with cancer-related fatigue(CRF). Methods: A total of 80 patients with CRF were randomized into an observation group and a control group, and finally 67 patients completed this trial(36 cases in the observation group, 31 cases in the control group). Patients in the control group were treated with conventional chemo radio therapy and symptomatic treatment, while no particular anti-fatigue intervention was adopted. On the basis of treatment in the control group, acupuncture was applied at Baihui(GV 20), Guanyuan(CV 4), Qihai(CV 6), Fengchi(GB 20), Zusanli(ST 36), Sanyinjiao(SP 6) in the observation group, once a day, 5 times as one course, with 2 days interval between each course, totally 4 courses were required. Before and after treatment,the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with CRF were monitored by flow cytometry (FC). Results: After acupuncture, the levels of CD3+, CD4+,CD19+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8 + of the observation group increased significantly (P<0.05).However, the levels of CD8+,CD16+CD56+ of the observation group decreased significantly (P<0.05).In the control group, the levels of CD3+,CD4+ were decreased significantly due to radiotherapy or chemotherapy (P<0.05). But the level of CD16+CD56+ increased significantly (P<0.05).After acupuncture, the levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD19+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8 + of the observation group was significantly higher than these of the control group (P<0.05).However, the level of CD16+CD56+ of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture can increase the levels of CD3+, CD4+,CD19+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8 + and decrease the level of CD8+,CD16+CD56+,which indicated that acupuncture can improve the immune function of CRF patients.
Copyright (c) 2022 Dan Li; Hong-mei Ding; Cang-huan Zhao; Jing Hu; Peng Qing https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
APPLICATION AND PROSPECT OF ULTRASOUND-GUIDED TRANSVERSE THORACIC MUSCLE PLANE BLOCK IN ERACS
Transverse thoracic muscle plane block (TTPB) is a novel fascial plane block (FPB) intended to provide efficient analgesia in patients undergoing median thoracotomy. This review aims to describe the anatomy, procedural approach, and clinical implementation of TTPB, thereby providing a new perspective on enhancing recovery after cardiac surgery (ERACS).
Copyright (c) 2023 Can Deng; Hao Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PATIENTS INFECTED WITH THE OMICRON VARIANT OF SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS 2: INITIAL CHEST CT FINDINGS AND TEMPORAL CHANGES
Background: Omicron has higher transmissivity compared to previous strains, and clinical manifestations are not identical. To date, few studies have examined the imaging characteristics of Omicron. Methods: The patients undergo one or more CT examinations. The radiologist analyzed abnormal lung patterns and how these characteristics changed over time. Results: 18 patients (4.9%, 18/364) had viral pneumonia on chest CT, 14 had follow-up CT, and 11 had three or more CT examinations. 11 patients (11/14) had the most lung segments affected by pneumonia at the initial CT and then decreased. Three patients (3/14) had fewer lung segments affected by pneumonia during the first CT examinations, and the number increased during the follow-up CT, two were elderly with basic diseases and unvaccinated. Ground-glass opacity (GGO) was the primary abnormality at the first CT in seven patients (7/11). Then GGO decreased, and mixed lesions appeared in two patients. On the third CT, 5 patients showed complete absorption of pneumonia (5/11), and the residual lesions were pure GGO (2/11) or mixed GGO (4/11). Conclusion: Pneumonia is rare in patients with Omicron and is absorbed quickly, but pneumonia lasts longer in patients with underlying illnesses or those who are older.
Copyright (c) 2023 Xiaobin Liu; Junqi Luo; Peixin Qin; Lanfang Huang; Meizi Qu; Guojie Wang; Binghui Chen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ADVANCEMENTS IN THE CLINICAL APPLICATION OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA DIAMETER AND COLLAPSE INDEX IN ULTRASONOGRAPHY DURING ANESTHESIA
Fluid management involves static and dynamic indicators. Static indicators include pulmonary artery wedge pressure and central venous pressure, whereas dynamic indicators include stroke volume variation, the inferior vena cava collapsibility index, the pulse perfusion variability index, pulse indicator continuous cardiac output, and Flotrac based on cardiac output. However, most of these techniques are frequently used in intensive care units owing to their combination of clinical characteristics, cost, invasiveness, anesthetic risk, procedure time, and operability. Concurrently, ultrasound techniques have recently received more attention from anesthetists because of their ease of learning and use and lower cost. This article discusses the clinical application of inferior vena cava diameter and blood vessel assessment intraoperatively during general anesthesia.
Copyright (c) 2023 Dingwen Liu; Jinhui Li; Wen Si; Yuanfa Zhao; Shuang Qi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ROLE OF APE1/REF-1 IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox effector factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a multifunctional protein involved in the DNA base excision repair pathway, redox regulation, inflammation, and survival pathways. APE1/Ref-1 could inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS production could lead to DNA damage and cell apoptosis, which is viewed as the cause of cardiovascular diseases. Recent advances of molecular studies have demonstrated that APE1/Ref-1 is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we will introduce the multifunctional role of APE1/Ref-1 and its potential usefulness as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases.
Copyright (c) 2020 Runmin Guo; Yue Wei; Guoda Ma; Jinfeng Zhang; Zhiqiang Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECT OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE OR PROPOFOL ON ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS IN HK-2 CELLS WITH HYPOXIA/REOXYGENATION
Objective: To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) or propofol on oxidative stress and the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in renal cells under hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) conditions. Methods: Human tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were selected and divided into Control group, hypoxia 24h and reoxygenation24 (H24R4) group, Dex group and Propofol group. Cell growth was detected by CCK-8 assay kit, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxidase dismutase (SOD) were detected by kits, and the expressions of ERS-related key genes such as ER chaperone BiP (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) were detected by qPCR. Results: Compared with the Control group, the cell growth and SOD activity of HK-2 cells in H24R4 group were significantly decreased, while MDA content and the expressions of GRP78 and CHOP in these cells were significantly increased (P<0.05). Pretreatment with Dex or propofol could significantly improve the cell growth and SOD activity of H24R4-treated cells, and reduce intracellular MDA content and GRP78 expression (P<0.05). Dex also obviously alleviated CHOP expression in H24R4-treated cells (P<0.05). Conclusion:s Dex or propofol pretreatment could reduce oxidative stress and attenuates ERS activation in H24R4-treated cells. Dex had a stronger inhibitory effect on the activation of ERS-related apoptosis way compared with propofol.
Copyright (c) 2020 Yu Gu; Wenting Fu; Yonghua Yao; Xi Zheng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
TREATMENT OF NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CANCER WITH AIDI INJECTION BASED ON NETWORK PHARMACOLOGY
This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds, core genes, and pharmacological mechanisms underlying the effects of Aidi injection (ADI) in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to provide a further research directions.The bioactive compounds of ADI were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and the Traditional Chinese Medicines Integrated Database, whiletargets related to these bioactive compounds and NSCLC were obtained from the GEO database. Cytoscape software was used to construct ingredients–protein-targets–pathway networks.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses and network analysis were performed to investigate potential mechanisms underlying the effects of ADI on NSCLC.This study screened 45 bioactive compounds and 38 major proteins of ADI as potential agents that can act against NSCLC. The results revealed the following potential therapeutic targets of ADI in the treatment of NSCLC: FOS, VEGFA, EGFR, JUN, MMP9, IL2, STAT1, CASP1, NFKBA, and CDK2. The potential mechanisms via which ADI acts against NSCLC are closely related to the inhibition of apoptosis and the activation of signaling pathways.This study has revealed the multicompound, multitarget, and multichannel characteristics of ADI. This provides novel insight into further research investigations of the mechanism of ADI in NSCLC treatment.
Copyright (c) 2020 Suishan Qiu; Hui Liu; Huiting Zhong; Leping Li; Lianfang Xue https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EVOLUTION OF IMIPENEM RESISTANCE IN ESCHERICHIA COLI : A 9-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE SURVEILLANCE REPORT IN A HOSPITAL POPULATION OF SOUTHERN CHINA
Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) is one of the most common causes of hospital-acquired infection. Our aim was to assess the evolution of Imipenem Resistance in Escherichia coli at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Guangzhou, China) from 2010 to 2018. 3412 non-duplicate strains of E. coli were isolated from inpatients and outpatients during the researched period. The majority of isolates appeared in the urine sample (57.68%) were derived from Urology(33.76%). With an average imipenem resistance rate of 0.61%, 27 strains of E. coli were detected. From 2010 to 2018, the resistance rates of the 3412 strains of E. coli to imipenem were 0, 0.00%, 0.35%, 0.30%, 0.26%, 0.44%, 1.08%, 0.70%, 2.33%, respectively. The overall imipenem resistant rate of E. coli was gradually increased in recent years. Moreover, the imipenem-resistant E. coli was multi-drug resistant to the antibiotics used clinically.. Therefore, restraining the use of antibiotics is extremely urgent to avoid severe infection by resistant pathogens.
Copyright (c) 2021 Lianfang Xue; Hui Liu; Suishan Qiu; Qinai Zhu; Shasha Li; Liang Ding; Congxiu Ye https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE RESEARCH PROGRESSION OF SEROLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF RECOMBINANT cDNA EXPRESSION LIBRARIES SCREENING ANTIGENS OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC DISEASES
The serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries (SEREX) is an important research method of screening disease-associated antigens, it combines the gene cloning technology with the serum screening technology, the recombinant cDNA expression clone library is screened by autologous serum of patients, thus the relevant target antigen genes are obtained, In turn, serum antibodies of patients can be identified by the target genes. It was initially used to screen tumor-related antigens, then the range of application expanded and gradually applied to screen the antigens of atherosclerotic disease. This article reviews the basic principles, experimental procedures, advantages and disadvantages of SEREX and its application and research progress in screening antigens of atherosclerotic disease.
Copyright (c) 2021 Hongyu Yang; Hao Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DEXMEDETOMIDINE AMELIORATES ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY BY INHIBITING ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS VIA THE NRF2 SIGNALING PATHWAY
Objective: To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on the expression of nuclear factor Erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in renal tissues during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Methods: C57BL/6 mice were selected and divided into Sham group, I/R group, Dex group and (Dex+I/R) group. Serum urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) were detected, and the expressions of Nrf2, ER chaperone BiP (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) were detected by qPCR. Results: Compared with the Sham group, the serum levels of BUN and Cr were significantly elevated in I/R group, meanwhile, the expressions of Nrf2, GRP78 and CHOP in renal tissues were also significantly increased (P<0.05). Dex pretreatment significantly lowered serum levels of BUN and Cr, as well as inhibited intracellular expressions of GRP78 and CHOP, while obviously increased intracellular Nrf2 expression in renal tissues of I/R-treated mice (P<0.05). Conclusions: Dex has a protective effect on renal I/R injury, its mechanism may be related to the activation of Nrf2 expression and further inhibit the activation of ERS-related apoptotic pathways.
Copyright (c) 2021 Yu Gu; Dianyu Lu; Yonghua Yao; Wei Wei https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
OPTIMIZATION OF IMAGE QUALITY AND RADIATION DOSE VIA HIGH-PITCH AORTIC CT ANGIOGRAPHY WITH INDIVIDUAL DOSE OF CONTRAST AGENT
Objective: To improve the distal aortic image quality and reduce the whole radiation dose of high-pitch dual-source CT angiography using individual dose of contrast agent. Material and Methods: A total of 91 consecutive patients undergoing clinically indicated CT angiography (CTA) of the thoracoabdominal aorta on a dual-source scanner using either conventional dual-source CT angiography mode (n=47) or high-pitch dual-source CT angiography mode (n =44) during the arterial phase. For the high-pitch group, the delayed imaging time was the peak time of the femoral artery. The dose of contrast agent, contrast enhancement and signal noise ratio (SNR) were evaluated objectively. Subjective rating of the image quality throughout the thoracoabdominal aorta was assessed by two independent readers. Scanner-reported dose-length product values were used to estimate effective dose values. Results: Compared to conventional method, dual-source high-pitch aortic CT angiography dramatically shortened the total examination time by 78％ to 1.47±0.14 min. In the conventional group, there were 5 patients who had poor imaging of the distal arteries due to abdominal aortic aneurysm, so they needed additional re-scan. However, in the high-pitch group, all patients could obtain good images that meet the diagnosis requirements with only one scan. The mean dose of contrast agent decreased by 21.6% to 62.68±5.98 ml(P<0.001) in high-pitch group. Furthermore, the volume CT dose index, dose-length product and effective dose in high-pitch group were significantly lower than those in conventional group, reduced by 70.3%, 66.8% and 66.1% respectively (all P < 0.001). At the level of abdominal aorta, mean CT values, SNR and subjective rating were higher in high-pitch group compared to conventional group (all P < 0.05), whereas at the level of aortic root, there was no significant difference of SNR between two groups(P>0.05), the incidence of aortic root motion artifacts in the high-pitch group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group(P<0.05), and subjective rating was still much higher in high-pitch group than that in conventional group(P<0.05). Conclusion: High-pitch dual-source CT angiography using individual dose of contrast agent can not only effectively reduce the effective radiation dose, but also improve the image quality of the aortic root and distal end.
Copyright (c) 2020 Haidong Chen; Zhenjie Yu; Rungen Zhan; Weicheng Lin; Rong Zhou; Jiamin Li https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CONSTRUCTION AND EXPRESSION OF PROKARYOTIC EXPRESSION VECTOR OF TIAASSOCIATED ANTIGENS BY SEREX SCREENING
Objective: To construct the prokaryotic expressing vectors of cDNA insert fragments for TIA, and recombine GST-fusion proteins.Methods: A phage cDNA library of human aortic endothelial cell line was screened using sera of 19 patients with TIA, the cDNA insert of clones incorporated in pBluescript was cleaved by EcoRI/BamHI/SmalI and XhoI, and the insert fragments were isolated by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. The expression plasmids of glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-fused proteins were constructed by recombining the cDNA sequence into pGEX-4T-1, 2, 3. The inserted DNA fragments were ligated in frame to pGEX- 4T vectors by using Ligation or In-Fusion protocol. The reaction mixtures were used to transform ECOS? competent E. coli BL-21 and appropriate recombinants were confirmed by DNA sequencing as well as protein expressions through SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The antigenic proteins succeeded in GST-tagged proteins recombinant could be candidate antigens. Results: 21 recombinant pGEX-4T expression vectors containing cDNA sequences of target genes were obtained from 70 SEREX antigens, and the expression of the GST-fusion proteins were shown on SDS-polyacrylamide gels stained with Coomassie staining, and thus, which could be as candidate antigens for further study. Conclusion: Recombination pGEX-4T expression plasmids could be constructed and expressed successfully by Ligation and In-Fusion methods, which may provide basis for the extraction and purification of these antigenic proteins aiming to identify serum antibodies in further study.
Copyright (c) 2020 He Tian; Shan-E Duan; Xue-Qing Huang; Hao Lu; Ji-Yue Liu; Hong-Yu Yang; Hao Wang; Tao-Li Dai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
TREATMENT AND NURSING STRATEGY OF PREOPERATIVE PREDICTABILITY OF P OSTOPERATIVE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID LEAKAGE OF IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL SPINAL CORD INJURY
Objective: To explore the treatment and nursing strategy of cerebrospinal fluid leakage in the elderly patients with cervical spinal cord injury after spinal dural incision decompression. Methods: a retrospective analysis of 34 elderly (≥ 60 years old) patients with cervical spinal cord injury who received posterior cervical surgery in our department from September 2009 to September 2018. 16 patients in the experimental group received conventional posterior decompression and fixation and spinal dural incision decompression (preoperative prediction of postoperative Cerebrospinal fluid leakage); 18 patients in the control group received only posterior cervical decompression and fixation; the patients in both groups were given preoperative education, close observation after operation, timely adjustment of body position, timely medical care and communication between doctors and patients, wound cleaning, anti-infection and other nursing measures. Through observation and comparison, the patients in the two groups had cerebrospinal fluid leakage combined with infection, reoperation rate, wound healing time, postoperative hospital stay, etc. Results: among the patients in the test group, there was 1 case with CSF leakage and infection, which needed reoperation, and other patients' incision healed at the same time; in the control group, the incision healed at the same time, without infection and reoperation; compared with the two groups, the time of incision healing and postoperative hospitalization did not increase because of CSF leakage; Conclusion: Through proper treatment and nursing, there was no difference in preoperative predictability of p ostoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage between the incision healing and the routine operation. The risk of postoperative infection, reoperation and postoperative hospital stay did not increase
Copyright (c) 2020 Wang Yichun; Jiao genlong; He Qiaoling https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INTRATHECAL DEXMEDETOMIDINE AS AN ADJUVANT TO BUPIVACAINE FOR SPINAL ANAESTHESIA FOR ELECTIVE CESAREAN SECTION: A RANDOMISED DOUBLE-BLIND CONTROLLED STUDY
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate dexmedetomidine (Dex) 5ug as adjuvant combined with 0.5% bupivacaine 10 mg in elective Lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) with respect to the effect on parturients and newborns. Methods: Eighty parturients (ASAⅠ-Ⅱ) undergoing elective LSCS were assigned to 2 groups (n=40) to receive either 0.5% bupivacaine 10 mg with saline (Group C) or 0.5% bupivacaine 10mg with Dex 5ug (Group D). Adverse effects, hemodynamic parameters, Ramsay scores, VAS scores and neonatal Apgar scores were recorded. Umbilical artery blood was collected for blood gas analysis and measuring the levels of umbilical artery blood catecholamine. Data obtained were compiled and analyzed with appropriate tests, p＜0.05 was considered significant. Results: Compared with group C, the VAS score of group D was significant lower at T4（p＜0.05）; The incidence rates of Chill, Nausea, vomit of group D were lower than that in group C（p＜0.05）; This study revealed that the levels of umbilical artery blood lactic acid(Lac) ，Epinephrine (EPI) and Norepinephrine (NA) of group D were obvious lower than that in group C（p＜ 0.05）; MAP, HR, SPO2, Apgar score and Ramsay score did not show statistical difference between the two groups. Conclusions: The addition of 5ug Dex as an intrathecal adjuvant to bupivacaine for elective LSCS provides better analgesia without significant adverse effects, and also reduce the incidence of chill, nausea, vomit during operation.
Copyright (c) 2020 Yanjun Chen; Zhenyun Yi; Shikai Wu; Hongbin Deng; Jin Miu; Jia Liu; Hao Wang; Yu-yong Liu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CROSS CORRELATION STATISTICAL STUDY OF ULTRASONIC CHANGES IN CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT FOR TUBAL ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
Objectives: To study the correlation between tubal ectopic pregnancy ultrasound imaging changes (mass size, type, blood flow signal, and so on) and the outcome for its conservative treatment, in order to explore the predictive value of ultrasound examination in the conservative treatment of tubal pregnancy. Methods: Ninety cases of tubal pregnancy were selected, seventy-four of which were treated conservatively by methotrexate (MTX) with Mifepristone (Ru486). In all cases, the ultrasound examination and serum β-HCG value were measured before treatment, Doppler ultrasound was performed on the 7th day of treatment, and serum β-HCG value was measured on the 4th, 7th, and 14th day of treatment. And we proceeded to analyze the correlation between the size, the type of tubal pregnancy mass, and serum β-HCG level, mass flow signal before and after treatment and the outcome of treatment. Results: Different types of masses were positively correlated with the levels of β-HCG before treatment and the different levels of Doppler ultrasound signals (r = 0.631, P < 0.05). The conservative treatment outcomes of different types of masses are different, and the conservative treatment on heterogeneous masses had the highest success rate (X2 = 24.38, P < 0.001). The size of the tubal ectopic pregnancy mass had no significant relationship to the treatment outcome (X2 = 1.83, P = 0.38). Conclusion: The ultrasound examination has significant application value in predicting the conservative treatment outcome of tubal pregnancy.
Copyright (c) 2018 Xiaojuan Liao; Wenhui Wang; Xinke Huang; Hanlin Shuai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CURRENT STATUS OF PANCREATIC ISLET TRANSPLANTATION IN MURINE EXPERIMENTAL MODELS. LITERATURE REVIEW.
Background: Global estimates show that by 2035 we will have about 592 million diabetic patients, with a major impact on low- and middle-income countries. Pancreas and pancreatic islet transplantation are currently the only available therapeutic alternatives capable of restoring the physiological pattern of insulin secretion in diabetic patients. However, because the rate of pancreas transplantation is still very low in the country, a more comprehensive criterion for donor acceptance has been proposed. The therapeutic procedure for transplantation of pancreatic islet is approved in Canada and it is in the approval phase in the United States and in experimental phase in Brazil. Despite the fact that the procedure is minimally invasive, consisting of islet infusion into the hepatic parenchyma by ultrasound-guided transcutaneous catheterization, it was observed that both the function and the survival of the islet deteriorate with time, due to factors related to the revascularization of the grafts. In addition, long-term follow-up allowed the identification of late side effects, such as the development of foci of hepatic steatosis. Aims: To investigate the state of knowledge of pancreatic islet transplantation in murine experimental models. Materials and Methods: A critical analysis of PubMed?-indexed publications from 2000 to May 2019 was performed, associating the following descriptors: "pancreatic islet transplantation", "proliferation", "beta-cell". Results: Of the total of 225 publications, 23 publications were obtained, whose summary or complete access was validated by correlation with the theme. Full articles have been reviewed and references were used to identify other sources of information. Conclusion: The state of the art in transplantation of pancreatic islets, in murine experimental models and their translational use, still presents pending questions. Researchers advocate the need for well-designed and statistically significant prospective studies aimed at solving basic and fundamental issues such as immune tolerance. However, it is believed that in the near future, cell replacement therapy will benefit a greater number of diabetic patients.
Copyright (c) 2019 Alice Maria Garcia Possodeli; Barbara Barbosa da Cruz; Carolina Miranda Mourao Bastos; Gabriel Prates de Almeida Lopes Abelha; Joao Jeronymo Barros de Oliveira; Marcelli Caroline do Amaral Costa; Leilane Maria Moreira Araujo; Lucas Vasques de Paula Hobaik; Natalie Campello Nideck Albertino; Thaynara Rozendo da Silva; Rogério Nunes Barreto; Marcel Vasconcellos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BENIGN PROSTATE LESIONS AND PROSTATIC CANCER USING MONO-EXPONENTIAL, BI-EXPONENTIAL MODELS BASED DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING
Objectives: To evaluate and compare the value of various metrics obtained from mono-exponential model (MEM) and bi-exponential model (BEM). MEM and BEM were based on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant prostate lesions. Methods: Consecutive 124 patients with pathologically confirmed prostate lesions (4 patients were confirmed prostatitis, 43 patients were confirmed benign prostatic hyperplasia, 30 patients were confirmed prostatitis with hyperplasia, 47 patients were confirmed prostatic cancer) received DWI of MEM and BEM. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) from single b-factor range DWI were compared with the ADCslow, ADCfast, ADCstandard and Ffast from extended b-factor range DWI imaging between benign and malignant group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and One Way ANOVA were performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of different parameters. Results: The mean and normalised ADCslow, ADCfast, Ffast and ADC values were significantly lower in malignant group than those in benign group (P < 0.05). ADCstandard was significantly higher in malignant group than those in benign group (P < 0.05). If the maximum Youden’s index was taken as an optimal cut-off, the diagnostic threshold of ADCslow, ADCfast, ADCstandard, Ffast and ADC was 0.350×10?3 mm2/s, 0.520×10?3 mm2/s, 4.95×10?3 mm2/s, 0.421, 1.05×10?3 mm2/s, respectively. Conclusion: Different models of DWI, including MEM and BEM, are useful in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant prostate lesions. However, ADCslow, ADCfast, Ffast have better diagnostic performance with increased sensitivity and specificity.
Copyright (c) 2019 Jie Zhang; Hai-dong Chen; Li-fen Xie; Fen-xiong Liang; Yong-jun Peng; Jun Mao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF SPECTRAL IMAGING IN THE DIFFERENTIATION OF LUNG CANCER FROM INFLAMMATORY MASS
Objectives: To collect and analyze the studies regarding the diagnostic value of spectral computed tomography (CT) for the differentiation between lung cancer and inflammatory mass. Material and Methods: English and Chinese studies regarding the differentiation of lung cancer from inflammatory mass with spectral CT were systematically searched in Medline, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), Wanfang database, Cochrane Library and Embase from January 2006 to December 2017. Review Manager 5.3 was used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of iodine concentration (IC), water concentration (WC), normalized iodine concentration (NIC) and slope of energy spectrum curve. Stata 12.0 was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and publication bias. Results: After a detailed search, 14 studies including 638 cases of lung cancer and 308 cases of inflammatory mass were admitted eventually. SMD and 95% CI of IC, WC, NIC and slope between lung cancer and inflammatory mass were -1.48 (-2.49, -0.48), 0.01 (-0.20, 0.23), -0.85 (-1.45, -0.25) and -0.82 (-1.52, -0.11). All the results showed statistical difference except WC. The sensitivity and specificity of NIC were 0.82 (0.75, 0.87), 0.93 (0.73, 0.98), respectively. Conclusion: The energy spectrum CT is adequate to differentiate lung cancer from inflammatory mass with the iodine-related indicators of IC, NIC, and slope of spectrum curve. Besides, NIC is regarded as the most valuable indicator for better reflection of blood supply of the lesions.
Copyright (c) 2018 Dan Wang; Jianye Liang; Yiyong Liu; Changzheng Shi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
FEVER, PANCYTOPENIA, HEMOPHAGOCYTOSIS—CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF A CASE OF HEMATOLOGICAL SYSTEM DISEASE WITH BONE MARROW FAILURE AS THE PROMINENT MANIFESTATION
The object is to improve the recognition and differentiation of rare diseases of bone marrow failure. The method is to report a case with fever as the main symptom, pancytopenia, myelodysplasia and hemophagocytosis in the laboratory and to review literature. Results: The patient had fever for more than one month, no lymphadenopathy, but with hepatosplenomegaly, myelodysplasia with hemophagocytosis, EB virus infection. The hemogram recovered after 20 days of treatment. Conclusion: Hemophagocytic syndrome, acute aplastic crisis and severe aplastic anemia, the clinical manifestations can overlap. When the diagnosis is not very clear, the treatment should be based on strong supportive treatment, at the same time actively look for the causes, and remove the relevant factors.
Copyright (c) 2019 Liu Xiaofang; Liu Lei; Lei Anhui; He Jun; Guo Pengxiang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EXPLORATION OF APPLICATION OF GUILIN WATERMELON FROST IN PULP REVASCULARIZATION OF IMMATURE PERMANENT TEETH WITH PERIAPICAL PERIODONTITIS
Purpose: To explore the possibility of applying Guilin watermelon frost in pulp revascularization of young permanent teeth with periapical periodontitis. Material and methods: Divided the stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) into A. B. C and D four groups. A without any treatment, B. C. D groups were treated with calcium hydroxide, triantibiotic intracanal dressing and Guilin watermelon frost separately for one hour after treatment of conventional irrigation of 1% sodium hypochlorite and normal saline. Results: Compared to group A, cell growth was found to be slower down in group B. C. and D. No statistic differences were found. While after special treatment, cell survival rate decreased significantly, group D decreased more than group C, and group B survived more than group C. Conclusion: Guilin watermelon frost is not fit for pulp revascularization of immature permanent teeth with periapical periodontitis temporarily.
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED)
Periapical diseases in immature permanent teeth
Copyright (c) 2020 Jingxian Fang; Dan Li; Baoyi Xie; Hedi Liu; Fei Ren https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EFFECT OF ELECTRO-ACUPUNCTURE ON THE EXPRESSION OF OREXIN-A AND C-FOS IN HYPOTHALAMUS OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION RATS AFTER CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY
Objective: To discuss the effect of Electro-acupuncture (EA) on the expression of Orexin-A and C-fos in hypothalamus of sleep deprivation rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: The cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (MCAO/R)models were established with reference to the modified longa thread bolt method. All MCAO/R models were divided into the MCAO/R model group, the control group and the experimental group. The sleep deprivation models were made by the method of soft stimulation combined with cage replacement. The rats in the experimental group were given EA intervention for 7 days, and the acupoints were Shenmen and Sanyinjiao. After the experiment, the content of Orexin-A and C-fos in hypothalamus was detected by the method of ELISA. Results: Compared with the blank group, the content of Orexin-A and C-fos of the other four groups increased significantly (P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the content of Orexin-A and C-fos of the experimental group, the MCAO/R model group and sleep deprivation model group decreased significantly(P<0.05).The content of Orexin-A of the MCAO/R model group was significantly lower than the sleep deprivation model group (P<0.05). The content of C-fos of the experimental group was significantly lower than the sleep deprivation model group (P<0.05). Conclusion ： The cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and sleep deprivation all can activate the expression of Orexin-A neurons and C-fos gene to a certain extent and affect the sleep-wake cycle of rat. EA may regulate the disordered sleep-wake cycle of sleep deprivation rat after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the expression of Orexin-A neurons and C-fos gene.
Copyright (c) 2020 Dan Li; Zhenping Lin ＃; Peng Qing; Zhenwen Liang; Yu'en Huang; Jing Hu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE ANALYZATION OF TIME-BLOOD GLUCOSE CURVE DURING ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST IN PREGNANT WOMEN
Aims: To analyse the shape of time-blood glucose curve during oral glucose (OGTT) tolerance test in pregnant women, and providing reference for future tracing scheme of blood glucose monitoring postpartum for women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: From January 2012 to September 2015, Pregnant women who have regular antenatal examination in the first affiliated hospital of JINAN university were selected as subjects (N=12390 cases). The OGTT was carried out during 24 to 28 weeks and the results were analysed retrospectively. Results: (1) The detection rate of GDM and PGDM were 21.63% and 1.24% respectively. (2) The majority of subjects in the GDM group was those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (66.92%), followed by normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (31.02%). (3) In the GDM-IGT subgroup, the percentage of subject with type B curve was the largest (74.2%). In the GDM-NGT subgroup, the percentage of subject with type III curve was the largest (93.2%). (4) The majority of subjects in the NGDM group was those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (11.18%). In the GDM-IGT subgroup, the percentage of subject with type B curve was the largest (66.82%). Conclusions: In summary, for women with a history of GDM, not all the people (about 25.82%) have high risk of development of type 2 diabetes. However, in women without a history of GDM, about 66.82% of the population still needs to be vigilant in order to prevent type 2 diabetes in the future.
Copyright (c) 2018 Xin Chen; Ping Yang; Juan Zhou; Wenpin Lo; Xiao-Min Xiao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
IDENTIFICATION OF MUTATIONS IN MUT GENE OF A PATIENT WITH METHYLMALONIC ACIDURIA
Objective To identify and analyze the mutation of MUT gene in a patient with methylmalonic aciduria. Methods A patient with methylmalonic aciduria was examined. Genomic DNA was amplified by PCR. The PCR products of MUT gene were analyzed by sequencing. The three-dimensional structure of human methylmalonyl-CoA model was deduced. Results Four mutations carried by the mother including c.636G>A, c.1106G>A, c.1595G>C and c.2011A>G at exon 3, exon 6, exon 9, and exon 12, respectively were detected. The mutation of IVS3+1 del G ins TGGTTATTA from the father in intron 3–4 resulted in premature translation termination. Conclusions c.1106G>A, c.1595G>C and IVS3+1 del G ins TGGTTATTA mutations of MUT gene are novel mutations which have never been reported.
Copyright (c) 2018 Hui Tang; Hu Hao; Qing-Bin Zha; Yi-Hui Deng; Jia Tang; Ma-Xue Feng; Qiang Chen § https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0