World Journal of Mathematics and Physics
World Journal of Mathematics and Physics (WJMP) is an international peer-reviewed, open access journal.
MORPHOLOGY-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS OF OCTAHEDRAL NIXFE1-X@C COMPOSITES DERIVED FROM BIMETALLIC MOFS FOR ENHANCED MICROWAVE ABSORPTION
Carbonaceous materials derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted significant attention as potential electromagnetic wave absorbers due to their tunable structures, high porosity, and large specific surface areas. In this study, a facile strategy was developed to control the morphology of Ni x Fe 1-x -MOFs by adjusting the Ni/Fe molar ratio in the precursors. Specifically, a near-octahedral Ni x Fe 1-x -MOF structure was successfully synthesized at a Ni/Fe molar ratio of 0.5:0.5. Following pyrolysis at 600°C in a nitrogen atmosphere, porous Ni x Fe 1-x @C composites were obtained. The Ni 0.5 Fe 0.5 @C composite exhibited significantly enhanced microwave absorption performance. At a matching thickness of 1.94 mm, the maximum reflection loss (RL) reached -81.35 dB at 13.8 GHz, with a corresponding effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL < -10 dB) of 5.3 GHz (ranging from 11.7 to 17.0 GHz). The superior microwave absorption properties are attributed to the improved impedance matching, multiple polarization relaxations, and conduction losses facilitated by the unique octahedral structure. This research provides a novel approach for the fabrication of high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbing materials through the compositional regulation of bimetallic MOF precursors.
Copyright (c) 2026 YingJie Song; ZhenHua Shi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AN ADVANCED APPROACHE TO QUANTUM GRAVITY
Making General relativity and quantum mechanics combine into one unified theory of quantum gravity proves to be the biggest scientific challenge facing modern physics. This paper develops a modern approach to quantum gravity as it investigates physical theory development from classic electromagnetism through M-theory to present a new quantum gravity equation. The equation applies Einstein field equation extensions added with quantum-geometric corrections and non-commutative spacetime features and holographic principles to establish new quantum gravity solutions. The ads/CFT correspondence serves as an investigative tool to study quantum space-time behavior for advancing understanding of black hole physics and cosmological and high-energy studies. The speculative equation stands as a major advancement in the effort to bridge macroscopic and microscopic universe descriptions even though it needs additional mathematical and physical evidence to support its validity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alamgir Khan; Jamal Shah; Muhammad Javed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
COMPUTATION TO STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES EVOLUTION OF MONOLAYER MOS2 INDUCED BY STRESS
Based on the first-principles approach of density functional theory, the evolution of the structural and electronic properties of monolayer MoS 2 due to stress is investigated by using the CASTEP module in the Material Studio software, which mainly calculates the changes of the energy band structure of monolayer MoS 2 when it is under different stresses. The calculation results show that: after applying a tensile stress of 1% lattice strain to monolayer MoS 2 , the bottom point of the conduction band in its energy band remains unchanged, but the top point of its valence band will be shifted, so that its energy band structure will be transformed from a direct band gap to an indirect band gap, and with the increase of the stress up to 10%, it still maintains the indirect band gap unchanged but with the consequent decrease of the forbidden band width. On the contrary, when the single-layer MoS 2 is compressed under a compressive stress, when compressed to -10%, the single-layer MoS 2 is transformed from a semiconductor to a metal, and the absorption ability of the light in the layer will be weakened, and the corresponding reflectance will be enhanced to the point of total reflection, which is the characteristic of the metal at this time.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cai F ei Qiao; Shi J un Xu; Yu S han Lei; Shu Q ian Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A MULTI-FACTORIAL COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF BASKETBALL REBOUND DYNAMICS: INTERPLAY OF SHOT GEOMETRY, BALL ROTATION, AND COLLISION SURFACES
This study presents an advanced computational framework for analyzing the physics of basketball rebounding. Building upon a foundational model that uses classical mechanics and Monte Carlo simulations to predict rebound distributions, this research extends its predictive power by systematically relaxing key simplifying assumptions. The study investigates three critical, interconnected domains: the spatial dynamics of rebounds originating from asymmetric court positions, the role of ball rotation (backspin) in altering collision outcomes, and the distinct rebound characteristics of bank shots. By simulating thousands of shot trajectories, we generate high-fidelity, two-dimensional rebound "heat maps" that validate long-standing coaching heuristics about weak-side rebounds from corner shots. Furthermore, the analysis quantifies the energy dissipation effect of backspin, providing a physical basis for the concept of a "soft shooter's touch." Finally, a novel experiment on the bank shot demonstrates that the backboard, as a collision surface, produces significantly more predictable and favorable rebound patterns compared to shots off the rim. The findings are synthesized into a multi-factorial strategic framework, translating complex physical principles into actionable on-court tactics for optimizing rebounding strategy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yu Su https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE NEXT GENERATION OF PHOTOVOLTAICS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF EMERGING MATERIALS, PROSPECTS, AND CHALLENGES
This paper reviews the evolution of photovoltaic (PV) technologies, beginning with the commercialization of first- and second-generation PV technologies. Introducing their characteristics, market share, and current limitations, respectively. Then, bring in the main focus of the paper — the third generation PV technologies — copper zinc tin sulfide, perovskite solar cells, organic photovoltaics, quantum dot solar cells, and dye sensitized solar cells — were analyzed in terms of their characteristics, design, power conversion efficiency, and scalability. The analysis underscores the importance of current third-generation PV technologies innovation, highlighting the strong potential of third-generation PV technology to overcome the technology bottleneck of first and second-generation PV technologies and establish a solid ground for assuming a leading role in the global sustainable energy market.
Copyright (c) 2025 XiYuan Zhang; XiZhi Zhang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE TECHNOLOGICAL FRONTIER OF COMMERCIAL PHOTOVOLTAICS: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR SILICON AND THIN-FILM TECHNOLOGIES
This review sheds light on the photovoltaic technologies’ evolving progress, a technology involving light conversion into electricity via the photovoltaic effect. While with main focus on the first and second generation photovoltaic technologies, the scope of this review covers three generations of solar cell materials, examining the triumphs and challenges of the most representative and leading materials for each, in order to delineate the state of the art in the area. The technologies covered include: first-generation crystalline silicon (c-Si), second-generation commercial thin-film technologies such as cadmium telluride (CdTe) and copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS), and third-generation emerging cells like perovskites. While c-Si is the leading PV technology due to its high maturity, high efficiency, and reliable large-scale manufacturing, its efficiency is limited theoretically. Thin-film technologies offer lower manufacturing costs, but rely on pricier encapsulation and scarce materials. Emerging technologies sit at the research frontier and can potentially surpass the efficiencies of the first and second generations, but lack demonstrated module-scale systems, and, in the case of the most efficient perovskites, face moisture-induced degradation and toxicity concerns. The conclusion is that as dominant technologies reach plateaus of performance improvement, future development focus must shift toward interface-oriented strategies, innovative architectures like the cross-fertilizing tandem cells, and solutions for material and environmental sustainability to continue advancing the field.
Copyright (c) 2025 XiZhi Zhang; XiYuan Zhang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THERMAL EFFECTS IN A LD-END-PUMPED PR3+: YLF GREEN LASER
This paper systematically investigates the thermal effects in a laser diode (LD) end-pumped Pr3 + : YLF green laser. Through numerical simulation, the evolution of the internal temperature field under different pump powers (4-20 W) was analyzed. The results reveal that the heat source and temperature exhibit an exponential decay along the crystal axis, with a persistent hot spot at the pump end-face. Increasing the pump power significantly expands the high-temperature region and intensifies the spatial temperature gradient, leading to severe thermal lensing. Furthermore, the dependence of the thermal lens focal length on key parameters was quantified. The focal length decreases nonlinearly with increasing pump power and decreasing pump spot radius, while a larger crystal diameter alleviates the effect by improving heat dissipation. These findings provide critical insights for the thermal management and resonator design of high-power visible lasers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bo Li; JianSheng Zhang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON THE TEACHING REFORM OF MBA CURRICULUM UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF DIGITALIZATION
This paper first introduces the development background and technical characteristics of the era of big data and artificial intelligence, and then analyzes the current situation and existing problems of MBA education from the perspective of statistical analysis. In the era of big data, MBA education is faced with multiple challenges, such as insufficient data processing and analysis ability, disconnection between curriculum and market demand, single teaching methods and insufficient teachers. In response to these challenges, this paper puts forward corresponding solutions, including improving data processing and analysis capabilities by using data analysis and machine learning algorithms, optimizing course offerings to meet market demands, innovating teaching methods to improve teaching effectiveness, and strengthening the construction of teaching staff and introducing experts in the field of big data and artificial intelligence. This paper also deeply discusses the influence of artificial intelligence on the teaching reform of MBA curriculum, including the reform of curriculum setting, teaching methods and training objectives. Through these analysis and discussion, this paper aims to provide useful reference and enlightenment for the reform and development of MBA education in the era of big data.
Copyright (c) 2024 XiaoFeng Zhang; ZiYang Liu; YuanYuan Zhan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
APPRECIATION OF THE PIONEERING WORKS OF M.C. ESCHER
This paper explores the profound contributions of M.C. Escher to the worlds of art and mathematics. Escher's fascination with intricate patterns and designs, initially inspired by the tessellated mosaics of the Alhambra Palace, led to the creation of visually stunning artworks that challenge our perception of reality. His works, characterized by tessellation, impossible structures, paradoxes, and cycles, are deeply rooted in mathematical concepts such as fractals, symmetry, hyperbolic geometry, polyhedrons, and topology. Escher's art not only pushes the boundaries of visual perception but also serves as a bridge between the seemingly disparate fields of art and mathematics, demonstrating their deep and fundamental connections. The paper examines notable works such as "Circle Limit III," "Bond of Union," and "Circle Limit IV (Heaven and Hell)," highlighting Escher's innovative spirit and his ability to blend art and mathematics into compelling visual masterpieces. Escher's legacy extends beyond art and mathematics, influencing various fields such as computer science, architecture, and education. His work continues to inspire and captivate audiences worldwide, revealing the beauty and wonder hidden within the human mind and the universe.
Copyright (c) 2024 PeiChang Ouyang; YunFang Liu; FuYu Chen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
IMPROVING UAV NETWORK PERFORMANCE WITH ADAPTIVE SHARDING AND AI
This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of the integration of adaptive sharding and Artificial Intelligence to significantly enhance the performance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle networks. As UAV technology evolves from predominantly military applications to a diverse range of civilian uses—including agriculture, logistics, surveillance, and disaster response—maximizing operational efficiency becomes increasingly critical. The study identifies several key challenges that hinder the effectiveness of UAV networks, such as limited battery life, constraints on communication bandwidth, and processing power limitations. These constraints directly impact the operational range, data transmission efficiency, and real-time decision-making capabilities of UAVs. To address these challenges, we propose an innovative framework that employs adaptive sharding, which dynamically allocates tasks among multiple UAVs based on their real-time capabilities and environmental conditions. This approach not only optimizes resource management but also enhances the network's overall resilience. Furthermore, we leverage advanced AI techniques, particularly deep reinforcement learning, to improve decision-making processes and enhance the adaptability of UAVs in task allocation. By analyzing historical data and real-time conditions, the UAV network can proactively adjust its operations, thereby mitigating potential challenges and improving overall performance. The research evaluates various performance metrics, including latency, throughput, energy efficiency, and reliability, to assess the effectiveness of the adaptive sharding framework. Empirical results demonstrate that the combination of adaptive sharding and AI significantly improves UAV network performance, leading to reduced operational costs and enhanced mission success rates. The findings underscore the transformative potential of integrating adaptive systems and intelligent algorithms in UAV networks, paving the way for more resilient and efficient aerial operations that can meet the growing demands of modern applications across various sectors.
Copyright (c) 2024 Yang Fan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DATA MODEL SPECIFIC MATRIX AND GAME THEORY APPLICATIONS
Under conventional game theory models, a deeper analysis of players' mixed strategies through probabilistic methods has become a mainstream analytical approach. By infinitely approaching a fixed probabilistic expected value point, traditional equilibrium algorithms in game theory can calculate equilibrium points. However, in most cases, it is not possible to directly make relevant final predictions in games through probabilistic means. As a result, the practical application of game theory is very limited, making it difficult to be widely applied as a module of applied mathematics. This paper provides an overview of the model architecture for the application of game theory through computational mathematical methods based on matrix model calculations. Although it considers fundamentals similar to Nash equilibrium, there are still essential differences.
Copyright (c) 2024 LinFeng Murong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
VIRTUAL REALITY GAMING SYSTEMS: HARDWARE INTEGRATION AND HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION ANALYSIS
Virtual Reality (VR) gaming has emerged as a transformative force in the digital entertainment landscape, fundamentally altering how users interact with and experience digital content. This paper examines the technological evolution, market dynamics, and future trajectories of VR gaming, analyzing its impact across multiple domains. Through comprehensive analysis of hardware developments, software innovations, and user interaction paradigms, we identify key trends shaping the industry's growth. Our investigation reveals that advances in display technology, tracking systems, and haptic feedback have significantly enhanced user immersion and reduced previous barriers to adoption. Market analysis indicates a compound annual growth rate of 28.5%, with projected market value reaching $92.31 billion by 2030. The paper explores various gaming genres, highlighting how VR has revolutionized traditional gameplay mechanics and created entirely new forms of interactive entertainment. We also examine the broader implications of VR gaming technology, including its applications in education, healthcare, and professional training. Our findings suggest that while technical challenges persist, the convergence of improving technology, declining costs, and expanding content libraries positions VR gaming for mainstream adoption. The integration of neural interfaces, advanced display technologies, and standardized development platforms promises to further accelerate industry growth and innovation. This research provides insights into the current state of VR gaming while identifying crucial areas for future development and research.
Copyright (c) 2024 LiangLiang Xu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EXAMINE THE INDEPENDENT DISCOVERIES OF CALCULUS AND THE SUBSEQUENT RIVALRY BETWEEN ISAAC NEWTON AND GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ
The independent discovery of calculus by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz represents a defining milestone in the history of mathematics and science, highlighting the intellectual genius of both men and the complexity surrounding the recognition of scientific achievement in the 17th century. Newton, working in England, developed his own version of calculus, which he called the “method of fluxes,” as a way to solve fundamental problems in physics, including motion, gravitation, and rates of change. His approach was deeply rooted in physical applications and intuitive reasoning. At the same time, Leibniz, working in Germany, independently formulated calculus with a greater emphasis on mathematical rigor, formalism, and generalization. His systematic notation, including the integral (∫) and differential (dx) symbols, provided a framework that remains the standard in modern mathematics. The rivalry between Newton and Leibniz on the invention of calculus arose in a context of poor communication, nationalistic fervor and mutual distrust. Newton's major work on calculus preceded Leibniz's, as his notes and correspondence show, but the latter was the first to publish his findings in 1684 and 1686. This publication established the its notation and methods in the mathematical community. Newton, however, claimed priority based on his earlier but unpublished contributions, leading to a contentious dispute that lasted decades. National loyalties further exacerbated the conflict, with English mathematicians supporting Newton and continental mathematicians rallying behind Leibniz. This long-running controversy, known as the "Newton-Leibniz calculus controversy," had far-reaching consequences. While it created divisions within the European mathematical community, it also catalyzed rapid advances in the development and application of calculus. The controversy forced mathematicians to refine their methods, clarify concepts, and expand the theoretical foundations of the discipline. This article examines the chronology of the discoveries, the philosophical and methodological differences between Newton's and Leibniz's approaches, and the sociopolitical factors that intensified their rivalry. By examining the historical context and outcomes of this pivotal episode, the article highlights the paradox of independent discoveries: while they can lead to conflicts over priority and recognition, they often serve as catalysts for significant progress and innovation in intellectual and scientific inquiry. The Newton-Leibniz controversy not only reshaped the trajectory of mathematics, but also emphasized the interdependence of intellectual endeavors and the role of cooperation, even in the midst of rivalry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Stephen Kelvin Sata https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
BUILDING QUANTITATIVE TRADING SKILLS: INTEGRATING LINEAR ALGEBRA AND CALCULUS INTO STEM PROGRAMS
Algorithmic or quantitative trading, using arithmetic models and statistical tools, has become the essence of today’s financial markets. An excellent theoretical background is crucial for evolving as an expert in this field, and constant training is necessary since different trading models demand linear algebra, calculus, and other forms of mathematics. Linear algebra encompasses matrix operations and vectors, which help sort and analyze big financial data. They help traders understand the relationships among assets, improve their portfolios, and build a new strategy based on factors. Math, which emphasizes derivatives and integrals, is helpful for rates of change, fluctuations, and significant market trends. Combined, these fields provide people with a highly effective arsenal of tools and methods for modelling the market and predicting its action. These skills can be pre-installed in high school and university STEM programs by applying linear algebra and calculus to real-life lessons. For example, using a matrix, students may engage in activities which include optimizing a portfolio and using correlation coefficients in a given risk and return scenario. Some calculus problems that could be used in the teacher instructions could be differentiation to determine the rate of change of an asset price or integration in the determination of accumulative returns. Apart from theory, quantitative trading requires computational skills to support it. Languages such as Python and R make it possible to automate the processing and analysis of large datasets. By integrating mathematical concepts with programming, students are placed in a position where they are Programming Application: Through programming, students can implement simple trading strategies and test them using actual market data. By adopting these interdisciplinary approaches to STEM, students are capable of entering finance-related careers, data science, and other careers. When curricula are aligned with market requirements, educational institutions prepare a generation of people with strong mathematical backgrounds and technology literacy capable of working in a data society.
RESEARCH ON BLENDED TEACHING OF ADVANCED MATHEMATICS COURSES BASED ON BOPPPS TEACHING MODE
With the advent of the digital age, rethinking how higher education teachers can promote online and offline blended teaching and redesigning learning spaces have become important issues in higher education teaching reform. To meet the needs of online and offline blended teaching of Advanced Mathematics courses, this article studies the teaching design of Advanced Mathematics courses under the BOPPPS teaching model, and constructs a hierarchical and progressive teaching content, which has been applied in practical teaching and achieved certain teaching effects.
Copyright (c) 2024 Zheng Wang; Yi Gong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
RESEARCH ON IMAGE PROCESSING IN LENS FOCAL LENGTH MEASUREMENT
In order to study lens focal length in detail, this paper uses image processing method to improve the research of lens focal length. The use of ruler, lens, lens to be measured and CCD to build an experimental system, the use of magnification method, the use of CCD to collect the lens to be measured focal plane image, using MATLAB digital image processing technology, through equalization, adding noise and other operations to measure the image height of the object, and then calculate the lens focal length size. The measurement of lens focal length is realized, and the feasibility of image processing in lens focal length measurement is verified.
Copyright (c) 2024 YuShan Lei; ShiJun Xu; ShuQian Wang; CaiFei Qiao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
STUDY OF THE ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF THE FE2+ AND K2FEF4 SYSTEMS
The d-orbital energy level splitting of free Fe2+ ions under electrostatic and spin-orbit interactions leads to d-electron rearrangement and the formation of different energy states, which may result in the occurrence of electron jumps between different energy levels. When Fe2+ is doped with K2FeF4, the combination of electrons in the Fe2+ d-orbitals changes, and accordingly new d-d absorption spectra are generated. In this thesis, from the crystal field theory, the center field approximation method, crystal field matrix meta-algorithm and electron spin-orbit interaction matrix meta-algorithm are used in the study to establish the Hamiltonian quantities of the system and to calculate the fine spectra of the system. Diagonalizing the full energy matrix can yield the Fe2+ d-d absorption spectra, and by analyzing the experimental EPR zero-field splitting (ZFS) parameters Dq, B, C, and Z and combining them with the full energy matrix, the energy values of the Fe2+ energy levels can be derived, and the results of this study show that the theoretical values conform well to the experimental values. My research data can provide some theoretical references for the study of the spectra of crystal doped Fe2+ ions. However, there are also experimental data that have not been derived, and it is expected that they can be supplemented and improved in the future.
Copyright (c) 2024 ShuQian Wang; ShiJun Xu; YuShan Lei; CaiFei Qiao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN QUANTITATIVE MODELING OF COMPOSITE METAL LITHIUM ANODES
Lithium metal has extremely high specific capacity and extremely low redox electrode potential, and is one of the core energy Materials in the field of secondary batteries. However, metallic lithium anodes face challenges such as volume expansion and uneven lithium deposition. Introducing a three-dimensional skeleton into the metallic lithium anode to construct a composite lithium anode is an effective method to alleviate volume expansion and regulate lithium deposition. The composite metal lithium anode has complex composition and structure, and the factors affecting the electrochemical reaction are strongly coupled. With the advancement of physical and chemical models and the large-scale improvement of computing levels, numerical model analysis can effectively study the physical and chemical mechanisms in composite lithium anodes. This article first sumMarizes the core process mechanisms that occur in composite metal lithium anodes and reviews the development of physical and chemical models. Then the quantitative model of the electrochemical Mass transfer process such as the surface electric field and ion field of the composite lithium anode was introduced, and the progress of the analysis and control strategies of the dynamic evolution mechanism of lithium deposition morphology based on the phase field model or finite element model was reviewed. The structural stability of the composite lithium anode during cycling was analyzed from the perspective of the electrochemical field. These quantitative model works reveal the electrochemical principles of lithium anodes and promote the efficient screening and optimized design of composite lithium anodes.
Copyright (c) 2024 Elmira Tamayol https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
APPLICATION AND RESEARCH PROGRESS OF MULTI-LAYER EMULSION DELIVERY SYSTEMS
Emulsions are often used as delivery systems for active ingredients due to their unique delivery properties. Multilayer emulsions form a thicker interface layer due to their multilayer structure, thereby improving the ability of the delivery carrier to resist external pressure, prolonging the digestion time of lipids, thereby effectively protecting the active ingredients, and achieving slow release of active ingredients through the rational design of the interface layer. Purpose of ingredients. This article introduces in detail the construction principles of multi-layer emulsions, the characteristics of the interfacial layer and the effects on the stability of the interfacial layer. It also reviews the application progress of multi-layer emulsions in food and related industries in recent years, with a view to providing new methods for the delivery of active ingredients ideas.
Copyright (c) 2024 Casler Buelke https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
RESEARCH ADVANCEMENTS IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF TRANSMISSION ROUTES AND STRUCTURAL ALTERATION TECHNIQUES FOR GRAPHENE OXIDE MEMBRANES
This article explains the transmission and separation and interception mechanisms of graphene oxide films, and based on this, it is concluded that the interlayer spacing can be controlled through reduction, cross-linking, cation control, intercalation, physical restrictions, etc. Chemical physical methods; and internal structural defect control mainly through creating nanopores and sealing defects. Therefore, summarizing and analyzing the application limitations of graphene oxide and proposing modification methods and measures for graphene oxide membrane materials can lay a good foundation for the practical application of graphene oxide membranes.
Copyright (c) 2024 Peter Wood https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTERNAL LAYER OF ONION BASED ON FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY
With the Fourier transform spectrometer, the spectral characteristics of the instrument were studied in natural light environment and dark room environment.The Fourier transform spectrometer was used to detect the spectra of different positions of onion epidermis and analyze the spectral information.The study shows that the characteristic wavelength deviations obtained in two different environments are small, with the maximum value only 0.4nm, and the maximum relative deviation is 0.38%, which is less than 5%.The deviation values of both are small, reflecting the advantages of very high wave number and wavelength accuracy and strong anti-interference ability;in the spectral analysis of the outer epidermis of onion, it is found that the spectral information in front of the detector is more differentiated compared to other locations and contains more spectral information, and the detection is more effective.
Copyright (c) 2024 ChuanXing Gong; ShiJun Xu; CaiFei Qiao; YuShan Lei; ShuQain Wang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
STUDY ON ENERGY SAVING OPTIMIZATION OF RAIL TRANSIT TRAIN OPERATION
This paper studies the energy-saving optimization decision-making of single or multiple trains in rail transit. Trains require a huge amount of energy, The research on the rational allocation of rail vehicles and the reduction of energy consumption in operation is of great significance. The complexity of the environment in which trains operate And the ups and downs of the track line, the force on the train is changing at any time. Realized by simulating rail train operation research The optimization model has great application value and theoretical significance. Using the principle of maximum value, multi-objective quadratic programming, nonlinear The equation model optimizes the energy consumed by rail trains, and in the case of energy optimization, the displacement, velocity and time, Regular transformation of speed.
Copyright (c) 2023 Zheyong Wu; Shen Wu; Yu Yang; Xiaoming Ni; Zhang Ding https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTING POWER NETWORK TECHNOLOGY FOR SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING
With the advent of the era of scientific computing, the generation of massive scientific data brings rich basic scientific and technological resources, also brings huge benefits to computing and transmission pressure, requiring a lot of resources to process, there is an urgent need for computing network integration technology to organically combine computing power with the network. The computing power network is connected and decentralized, fragmented calculation human resources, build an integrated ICT infrastructure, providing services such as computing power and network capabilities. The article studies computing power network technology for scientific computing. Build the overall architecture of the computing power network, using technologies such as resource measurement, resource scheduling and computing power routing, deploy computing power network prototype system, providing high-performance scientific Learn numeracy, complete complex simulations and scientific calculations. in high energy physics Conduct test demonstrations for typical applications in the fields of astronomy and astronomy, which can significantly improve the network transmission efficiency and big data processing capabilities of scientific big data, improve scientific research information service capabilities and levels, accelerating the output of major innovation results.
Copyright (c) 2023 Marilyne Apkarian https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
EXPLORING THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF PHYSICS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY
The operation of everything in the world has inherent laws and connections, and the development of physics stems from people's practice and exploration of life. Currently, physics The application of academic knowledge has played a role in promoting the development of the automobile industry. This article reviews current knowledge of physics for creative design and modification of automobiles.A brief overview of the important roles of physics and manufacturing is given, aiming to promote the further integration of physics and the development of the automotive industry.
Copyright (c) 2023 Johnson Stains https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
RESEARCH STATUS OF PHYSICAL FIELD-ASSISTED LASER WELDING
To review the current research status at home and abroad of different physical field -assisted laser welding, looking forward to the future of physical field-assisted laser welding technology The future direction of development. Method Discussion Electric Field, magnetic field, ultrasonic field and other different physical fields on the laser welding process Mechanism of influence, right than not Same thing Advantages and Disadvantages of Physical Field Effect. Results and conclusions based on the development status of physical field-assisted laser welding, refer to out of work Art optimization, equipment integration, Challenges faced by theoretical foundations and other aspects, and looked forward to the future development trend of this technology.
Copyright (c) 2023 Lana Susac https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
MICROSEISMIC CRACK MONITORING TECHNOLOGY
Hydraulic fracturing technology has been widely used in oil and gas production as the main technical means for the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Microseismic monitoring technology is an effective means for fracture evaluation during the hydraulic fracturing process. The principle of microseismic monitoring technology and the development history of this technology at home and abroad were introduced, and the positioning method of microseismic events was described. Two microseismic monitoring methods for unconventional oil and gas layer fracturing were reviewed, namely, well monitoring technology and surface monitoring technology. Its principles, characteristics and development are elaborated and compared, and finally the development direction of microseismic monitoring technology is discussed.
Copyright (c) 2024 Andrew Dean https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE PHYSICAL BASIS AND DAMAGE MECHANISM OF BLAST INJURIES
Strong explosions can cause many types of damage, especially detonation pressure, which can cause very complex tissue damage. Fully understanding the physical principles and mechanisms of blast injuries will help out-of-hospital first responders, emergency physicians, surgeons and other related medical staff to effectively classify them and treat them reasonably and proactively. Therefore, the physical causes of blast injuries. A review of relevant content such as scientific principles and damage levels is provided.
Copyright (c) 2024 Johann Borba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
RESEARCH PROGRESS OF SUPPORTED PHOTOCATALYTIC MEMBRANES
Photocatalytic technology and membrane separation technology are two new water treatment technologies. The photocatalytic membrane formed after coupling the two can not only fix the catalyst and alleviate membrane pollution, but also produce a synergistic effect and reduce pollutants in the water. degradation efficiency. The types of photocatalysts and supported membranes are reviewed, as well as the research status of photocatalytic supported membranes.
Copyright (c) 2024 Unal Muhammad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
STUDY ON MAGNETIC FLUID CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER
This paper reviews the experimental research and numerical calculation results of magnetic fluid in the field of convection heat transfer in recent years, and analyzes and summarizes the experimental and calculation results; respectively explains the nanometer-scale technology in the research on magnetic fluid natural convection heat transfer and magnetic fluid forced convection heat transfer. The influence of fluid volume fraction, Rayleigh number, magnetic field strength and direction on convective heat transfer; finally, the existing problems and future research directions in magnetic fluid research are summarized.
Copyright (c) 2024 Kaiser Salvador https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
AUTOMOBILE STRUCTURE CRASHWORTHINESS DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION
The collision safety of automobiles is one of the issues that the automobile industry has always focused on. The crashworthiness design of automobile structures has become an important means to improve vehicle collision safety. This article reviews and summarizes the research results on the crashworthiness design and optimization of automobile structures at home and abroad. In view of the strong nonlinearity of the collision process and the mutual coupling of many design criteria, the article focuses on the approximate multi-objective crashworthiness optimization method and its application. review and analyze existing problems and directions for further in-depth research.
Copyright (c) 2024 Maria Pennisi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0