Author(s)

Yao Chen

Affiliation(s)

School of Chinese, Zhejiang Yuexiu University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China.

Corresponding Author

Yao Chen

ABSTRACT

In the contemporary landscape of business education and its future trajectory, international business negotiation courses hold immense significance. In the realm of international business, effective negotiation skills are the linchpin for success. They enable companies to navigate cross - cultural differences, secure favorable deals, and build long - lasting global partnerships. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, businesses are constantly engaging in international transactions. A well - trained negotiator can bridge gaps in language, culture, and business practices, ensuring that negotiations result in mutually beneficial outcomes. Thus, understanding how to optimize the learning environment for such crucial courses is of utmost importance.

KEYWORDS

Flexible seat; Interaction; Confidence; International business negotiation

CITE THIS PAPER

Yao Chen. The impact of flexible seat arrangements on students' interaction and confidence in the international business negotiation course. Educational Research and Human Development. 2024, 1(3): 31-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.61784/erhd3048. 

REFERENCES

[1] Abass O, Ghinea G. Integrating confidence in electronic negotiations: perspectives from an empirical investigation. In 2006 IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering (ICEBE'06), IEEE, 2006: 366-372.

[2] Adedokun O A, Parker L C, Henke J N, et al. Student perceptions of a 21st century learning space. Journal of Learning Spaces, 2017, 6(1). 

[3] Akpur U. Does Class Participation Predict Academic Achievement? A Mixed-Method Study. English Language Teaching Educational Journal, 2021, 4(2): 148-160. 

[4] An R, Wang J, Li S, et al. Relationship between readiness for interprofessional learning and academic self-efficacy among nursing students: a cross-sectional study. BMC medical education, 2024, 24(1): 62.

[5] Asthana A N. Effectiveness of mindfulness in business education: Evidence from a controlled experiment. The International Journal of Management Education, 2021, 19(2): 100492.

[6] Bird E. International Business Development and Negotiations: Selected Characteristics of the Middle East. In International Business In The Middle East. Routledge, 2019: 1-18.

[7] Boothby E J, Cooney G, Schweitzer M E. Embracing complexity: A review of negotiation research. Annual Review of Psychology, 2023, 74(1): 299-332.

[8] Chi M T, Wylie R. The ICAP framework: Linking cognitive engagement to active learning outcomes. Educational psychologist, 2014, 49(4): 219-243.

[9] Chong M, Gan B K S, Menkhoff T. Enhancing students’ global competence through international business study missions. Journal of International Education in Business, 2022, 15(2): 165-183.

[10] Cole K, Schroeder K, Bataineh M, et al. Flexible Seating Impact on Classroom Environment. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 2021, 20(2): 62-74.

[11] Diehl D, McFarland D A. Classroom ordering and the situational imperatives of routine and ritual. Sociology of Education, 2012, 85(4): 326-349.

[12] El-Sabagh H A. Adaptive e-learning environment based on learning styles and its impact on development students' engagement. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 2021, 18(1): 53.

[13] Emerson T L, Taylor B A. Interactions between personality type and the experimental methods. The Journal of Economic Education, 2007, 38(1): 18-35.

[14] Enstroem R, Benson L. Enterprise education in undergraduate business programmes advances students' negotiating competence and self-confidence. Education+ Training, 2024, 66(1): 54-69.

[15] Ferreira-Lopes L, Elexpuru-Albizuri I, Bezanilla M J. Developing business students’ intercultural competence through intercultural virtual collaboration: a task sequence implementation. Journal of International Education in Business, 2021, 14(2): 338-360.

[16] Hu W, Ran J, Dong L, et al. Aridity-driven shift in biodiversity–soil multifunctionality relationships. Nature Communications, 2021, 12(1): 5350.

[17] Galperin B L, Punnett B J, Ford D, et al. An emic-etic-emic research cycle for understanding context in under-researched countries. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 2022, 22(1): 7-35.

[18] Garcia F, Smith S R, Burger A, et al. Increasing global mindset through collaborative online international learning (COIL): Internationalizing the undergraduate international business class. Journal of International Education in Business, 2023, 16(2): 184-203.

[19] Georgopoulou M S. The power of synergy: Unlocking the potential of group dynamics through team-building practices in junior high school. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 2024, 5(2): 12-21.

[20] Goetler H. Enhancing 4th Grade Classroom Engagement Through Flexible Seating and Interactive Learning Strategies. 2024.

[21] Gutierrez A. The Effects of Various Classroom Seating Arrangements on English Learners' Academic Achievement. 2022.

[22] Joan D R. Flexible learning as new learning design in classroom process to promote quality education. Journal on School Educational Technology, 2013, 9(1): 37-42.

[23] Kariippanon K E, Cliff D P, Ellis Y G, et al. School flexible learning spaces, student movement behavior and educational outcomes among adolescents: A mixed‐methods systematic review. Journal of School Health, 2021, 91(2): 133-145.

[24] Klemencic M. Students as actors and agents in student-centered higher education. In The Routledge international handbook of student-centered learning and teaching in higher education. Routledge, 2020: 92-108.

[25] Li D. The Shift to Online Classes during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Benefits, Challenges, and Required Improvements from the Students' Perspective. Electronic Journal of E-Learning, 2022, 20(1): 1-18.

[26] Liu H, Zhu Z, Chen B. Unraveling the mediating role of buoyancy in the relationship between anxiety and EFL students’ learning engagement. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 2025, 132(1): 195-217.

[27] Medaille A. Quiet Students' Experiences with Collaborative Learning at the Postsecondary Level (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nevada, Reno). 2018.

[28] Martin-Alguacil N, Avedillo L, Mota-Blanco R, et al. Student-Centered Learning: Some Issues and Recommendations for Its Implementation in a Traditional Curriculum Setting in Health Sciences. Education Sciences, 2024, 14(11): 1179.

[29] Müller C, Mildenberger T, Steingruber D. Learning effectiveness of a flexible learning study programme in a blended learning design: why are some courses more effective than others?. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 2023, 20(1): 10.

[30] Nehyba J, Juhaňák L, Cigán J. Effects of seating arrangement on students' interaction in group reflective practice. The Journal of Experimental Education, 2023, 91(2): 249-277.

[31] Papaioannou G, Volakaki M G, Kokolakis S, et al. Learning spaces in higher education: a state-of-the-art review. Trends in Higher Education, 2023, 2(3): 526-545.

[32] Peleckis K, Peleckiené V, Peleckis K. Trust building problems in business negotiations and business meetings: interference, stereotypes, trust substitutes. Journal of Management Policies and Practices, 2015, 3(2): 51-59.

[33] Pennington C, Putman R, Munsey B. An examination of flexible seating in the higher education classroom from a physical and kinesthetic perspective. Journal of Learning Spaces, 2022, 11(2).

[34] Pender K L. Elementary Classroom Teachers’ Perceptions of Redesigned Classroom Space: A Qualitative Case Study (Doctoral dissertation, Old Dominion University). 2021.

[35] Pyo J, Lee W, Choi E Y, et al. Qualitative research in healthcare: necessity and characteristics. Journal of preventive medicine and public health, 2023, 56(1): 12.

[36] Rau P L P. Cross-Cultural Design. Product and Service Design, Mobility and Automotive Design, Cities, Urban Areas, and Intelligent Environments Design: 14th International Conference, CCD 2022, Held as Part of the 24th HCI International Conference, HCII 2022, Virtual Event, June 26–July 1, 2022, Proceedings, Part IV. Springer Nature, 2022, 13314.

[37] Ren G, Ning J, Zhang Z. Multi-variable selection strategy based on near-infrared spectra for the rapid description of dianhong black tea quality. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2021, 245: 118918.

[38] Reni A, Sihite M, Rijal S. Human Resource Management, Technology Adaptation, and Environmental Policy: A Multi-Variable Study of MSME Entrepreneurship in Indonesia. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 2024, 5(1): 72-89.

[39] Rosati E. IP outside the textbook: professional networking activities in the IP curriculum. In Teaching Intellectual Property Law. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2023: 274-282.

[40] Rozali A, Irianto D M, Yuniarti Y. Kajian problematika teacher centered learning dalam pembelajaran siswa studi kasus: SDN Dukuh, Sukabumi. COLLASE (Creative of Learning Students Elementary Education), 2022, 5(1): 77-85.

[41] Swartz S, Shrivastava A. Stepping up the game–meeting the needs of global business through virtual team projects. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 2022, 12(2): 346-368.

[42] Umiralkhanov A, Abylkassymova A, Tuyakov Y, et al. Continuity in Teaching the Course Algebra and the Beginning of Analysis: Adaptation of Students to New Conditions. Qubahan Academic Journal, 2024, 4(3): 793-805.

[43] Whatley K D. Negotiation in Classroom Conversations: An Examination of Teacher and Student Engagement (Doctoral dissertation, University of Hawai'i at Manoa). 2023.

[44] Yang Y, Wang X, Zhao X, et al. M3GPSpectra: A novel approach integrating variable selection/construction and MLR modeling for quantitative spectral analysis. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2021, 1160: 338453.

[45] Yesil L B, Aras I S. The significance of flexible learning spaces and student-centred pedagogies in school settings: A comparative case study. International Education Journal: Comparative Perspectives, 2024, 23(1): 1-24.

[46] Yla-Anttila T, Eranti V, Kukkonen A. Topic modeling for frame analysis: A study of media debates on climate change in India and USA. Global Media and Communication, 2022, 18(1): 91-112.

[47] Zalud T L. Reconceptualizing the classroom: An exploration of the student and educator experience of flexible seating in the elementary school classroom through the lens of self-determination theory. Aurora University, 2020.

[48] Zakopoulos V, Makri A, Ntanos S, et al. Drama/theatre performance in education through the use of digital technologies for enhancing students’ sustainability awareness: A literature review. Sustainability, 2023, 15(18): 13387.

[49] Zhang S. Tanxing zuoyi, ketang hudong yu jiaoxue fengge dui guoji shangwu tanpan kecheng xuesheng canyudu de yingxiang yanjiu (The impact of flexible seating, classroom interaction, and flexible seat arrangementss on student interaction in international business negotiation courses) (Chinese version). Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2024.

[50] Zhou H. Exploring the dynamic teaching-learning relationship in interactive learning environments. Interactive Learning Environments, 2025: 1-31.

[51] Zipf S T, Li L, Oaxaca G C, et al. Examining Inclusivity in Flexible Learning Spaces: Expectations, Comfort, and Distractions. Innovative Higher Education, 2024: 1-25.